Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 6 May 2025

First Online: 24 May 2025

Declarations

:

: No funding was received for the preparation of this article.

: Tiago Torres has received consultancy and/or speaker’s honoraria from and/or participated in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Amgen, Almirall, Amgen, Apogee Therapeutics, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biocad, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Fresenius-Kabi, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, LEO Pharma, Eli Lilly, MSD, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Samsung-Bioepis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Sandoz, STADA, and UCB. Tiago Torres is an Editorial Board member of the American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. Professor Torres was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Ana Luísa João has received consultancy and/or speaker’s honoraria from and/or participated in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Almirall, Janssen, Leo Pharma, Merck, Novartis, and Sanofi. Martim Luz has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article. Pedro Mendes-Bastos has received consultancy and/or speaker’s honoraria from and/or participated in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Almirall, Alumis, Amgen, Apogee, Biogen, CS Labs, Eli-Lilly, Evelo Biosciences, Janssen-Cilag, Leo-Pharma, L’Oreal, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, Regeneron, Sanofi, and Viatris. Ângela Roda has received consultancy and/or speaker’s honoraria from and/or participated in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Almirall, Janssen, and Novartis. Luiz Leite, Joana Valério, Ana Ferreirinha, and Barbara Leal have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article. Maria João Paiva Lopes has participated in clinical trials, advisory board, and/or lectures promoted by AbbVie, Almirall, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Leo-Pharma, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Viatris. Rita Pimenta has received consultancy and/or speaker’s honoraria from and/or participated in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Almirall, Janssen, and LEO Pharma. Paulo Ferreira has received consultancy and/or speaker’s honoraria from AbbVie, Almirall, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Lilly, and Novartis.

: Not applicable.

: Patient consent was exempted because of the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified, anonymized, and aggregated data.

: Not applicable.

: The data that supports the findings of this article are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: All authors contributed equally to the conception, design, data analysis, and manuscript preparation. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.