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Article History

Received: 5 August 2025

Accepted: 18 November 2025

First Online: 22 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Raj Chovatiya is an editorial board member of American Journal of Clinical Dermatology . Raj Chovatiya was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Raj Chovatiya has served as an advisor, consultant, speaker, and/or investigator for AbbVie, Acelyrin, Alumis, Amgen, AnaptysBio, Apogee Therapeutics, Arcutis Biotherapeutics Inc., Argenx, Astria Therapeutics Inc., Avalere Health, Beiersdorf, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cara Therapeutics, Castle Biosciences, Celldex CLn Skin Care, Dermavant, Eli Lilly and Company, EMD Serono, Formation Bio, Galderma, Genentech, GSK, Incyte, Johnson & Johnson, Kenvue, LEO Pharma, L’Oréal, Nektar Therapeutics, Novartis, Opsidio, Pfizer Inc., RAPT, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sitryx, Takeda, TRex Bio, UCB, and Zai Lab. Tiago Torres is an editorial board member of American Journal of Clinical Dermatology . Tiago Torres was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Tiago Torres has received consultancy and/or speaker’s honoraria from and/or participated in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biocad, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Eli Lilly, MSD, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Samsung-Bioepis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Sandoz, and UCB. Christy H. Chang, Maura Devine, Deborah Woo, and Theresa Hopkins have no conflicts of interest to declare.

: This study did not require ethics approval as it did not involve human participants, animal subjects, or identifiable personal data.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The data supporting the findings of this study are available within the published literature cited in the manuscript.

: Not applicable.

: CHC—concept and design; data curation; data interpretation and analysis; drafting of manuscript. MD—data curation; data interpretation and analysis; drafting of manuscript. DW—data curation; data interpretation and analysis; drafting of manuscript. TH—data curation; data interpretation and analysis. TT—critical revision for important intellectual content. RC—concept and design; data interpretation and analysis; drafting of manuscript; supervision