Document is current

Article History

Received: 24 June 2025

Accepted: 22 February 2026

First Online: 12 March 2026

Declarations

:

: TFM is an investigator for Disc Medicine, Clinuvel, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Pfizer, Incyte and consultant for Beiersdorf and Guidepoint. YMA, DA, FA, SS, FF and MJ, have no relevant disclosures.

: This study did not involve human participants or animals and therefore did not require institutional review board approval.

: No datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: All images utilized are non-identifiable. Consent for the publication of photographs was obtained verbally by the authors, confirming that all patients agreed with the understanding that the images may become publicly available.

: All authors made substantial contributions to the conception and design of this work, participated in the acquisition and interpretation of relevant literature, and were involved in drafting and critically revising the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.