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Article History

Accepted: 4 May 2025

First Online: 24 May 2025

Declarations

:

: A.M. developed the economic model and performed the model analysis under the supervision of D.W. S.M. conducted quality assurance of the model. J.M., R.P., D.P. and E.Sh. are clinicians who agreed the clinical validity of the model structure and its parameters and assumptions. S.S. led the guideline development team, E.Sa. led the systematic review of trial evidence. P.M., S.R., M.L. and R.W. led the analysis of CPRD data. B.C.D. and N.J.W. conducted the network meta-analysis and D.W. led the economic model development team. A.M., S.M. and D.W. drafted the manuscript, and all authors commented on the draft and read and approved the final manuscript. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the manuscript.

: No external funding was received for conducting this study. B.C.D. and N.J.W. were supported by the Guidelines Technical Support Unit at the University of Bristol which is funded by NICE. NICE funded access to CPRD data and research services for the purposes of this study was granted under a Memorandum of Understanding with the MHRA.

: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. NDPH, University of Oxford, is coordinating the ORION-4 trial of inclisiran, with funding from Novartis, but D.P. receives no personal support from the grant and NDPH has a staff policy of not accepting honoraria from industry.

: A version of the model with confidential data replaced with dummy data may be available by reasonable request from the corresponding author.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The Research Data Governance process reviewed and approved the protocol for the CPRD aspects of this study (22_002517) on 30 January 2023.