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Article History

Accepted: 9 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: TM & SK contributed to study concept and design, analysis and interpretation of data, development of the economic model, drafting of the manuscript and critical revision of the paper for important intellectual content. EM contributed to analysis and interpretation of data, analysis and editing of the manuscript.

: TM and SK are employees and shareholders of Genentech Inc. EM was an employee of Genentech Inc. at the time this study was conducted.

: This study was funded by Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA. Genentech, Inc. were involved in conducting the study.

: Publication of study results was not contingent on the sponsor’s approval or censorship of the manuscript.

: Data were obtained from publicly available data sets and other public information from the peer-reviewed literature.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: While all the data used in this study are publicly available, the model itself is proprietary to Genentech, Inc.