Rao, Megha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4473-4140
Freeman, Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4521-2720
Thijssen, Jacco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6207-5647
Bland, Simon
Sculpher, Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3746-9913
Claxton, Karl https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2002-4694
Revill, Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8632-0600
Funding for this research was provided by:
Global Institute for Disease Elimination (Thanzi Labwino (Better Health))
Article History
Received: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 26 February 2026
First Online: 22 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: All authors contributed to the conceptualisation and study design. MR and PR drafted the manuscript. PR, MF, JT, SB, KC, and MS provided methodological guidance and supervision. All authors contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript and approved the final version.