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Authors
Forsyth, Jessica E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5839-9160
Achra, Monika
Espinar, Javier Baena https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-8498
Hochmair, Maximilian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-2450
Liepa, Astra M.
Lenox-Smith, Alan
Puri, Tarun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-4362
Rajesh, Rahul
Sonksen, Michael D.
Summers, Yvonne
van der Wekken, Anthonie J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7175-0026
Jen, Min-Hua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-0107
Ren, Shijie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-7124
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR300590)
Eli Lilly and Company
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Article History
Received: 8 December 2025
Accepted: 20 April 2026
First Online: 11 May 2026
Declarations
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: Javier Baena Espinar, Maximilian Hochmair, Yvonne Summers, and Anthonie J. van der Wekken were funded for their time participating in the case study via a NIHR Advanced Fellowship (grant no. NIHR300590). Anthonie J. van der Wekken reports grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Pfizer, Roche, and Takeda; advisory boards and consultancy for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Janssen, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Roche, and Takeda; all outside this paper and payments to UMCG. Maximilian Hochmair reports receiving personal fees and nonfinancial support from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Takeda, Lilly and Roche; and personal fees from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Takeda, and MERCK. Yvonne Summers reports participating in paid advisory work and educational meetings with Eli Lilly. Monika Achra, Astra M. Liepa, Alan Lenox-Smith, Tarun Puri, Rahul Rajesh, Michael D. Sonksen, and Min-Hua Jen are all employees of Eli Lilly and Company. Jessica E. Forsyth and Shijie Ren have no competing interests to declare.
: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the University of Sheffield, School of Medicine and Population Health Ethics Committee (reference: 064353). All participants provided informed consent before taking part.
: All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information
: The code used for this elicitation exercise is provided via the SHELF website: .
: Conceptualisation: Jessica E. Forsyth, Min-Hua Jen, Astra M Liepa, Tarun Puri, Shijie Ren, Michael D. Sonksen; preparation of workshop materials: Monika Achra, Jessica E. Forsyth , Rahul Rajesh, Shijie Ren; review of workshop materials: Javier Baena Espinar, Maximillian Hochmair, Min-Hua Jen, Alan Lenox-Smith, Tarun Puri, Yvonne Summers, Anthonie J. van der Wekken; facilitation team members: Jessica E. Forsyth, Shijie Ren; participation in the workshops: Javier Baena Espinar, Maximilian Hochmair, Alan Lenox-Smith, Yvonne Summers, Anthonie J. van der Wekken; writing—original draft preparation: Jessica E. Forsyth, Shijie Ren; writing—review and editing: all authors.
