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Article History

Accepted: 8 June 2025

First Online: 25 June 2025

Declarations

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: No animal or human subjects by the authors were used for the purposes of the submitted work.

: The authors did not receive any funding for the submitted work.

: Dr. Maidman has no relationships to disclose. Dr. Rosenson reports research funding to his institution from Amgen, Arrowhead, Eli Lilly, Merck, NIH, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and 89Bio​, consulting fees from Amgen, Avilar, Eli Lilly, GSK, Lipigon, Novartis, Rona Therapeutics, Verve Therapeutics​, non-promotional honoraria from Meda Pharma, royalties from Wolters Kluwer (UpToDate)​, and stock holding in MediMergent, LLC.​ He reports patent applications on: Methods and systems for biocellular marker detection and diagnosis using a microfluidic profiling device. EFS ID: 32278349. Application No. (PCT/US2019/026364) (provisional); Compositions and methods relating to the identification and treatment of immunothrombotic conditions. New International Application No. (PCT/US2021/63104926); and quantification of Lp(a) vs. non-Lp(a) ApoB concentration: development of a novel validated equation. (PCT/US2021/63248837).

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: SDM wrote the manuscript. RSR supervised and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.