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Article History

Accepted: 30 October 2025

First Online: 15 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Cong Chen, Ci Sun, Haoyu Yu, Qingyu Wang, and Jing Li are employees of Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc. Rujiao Liu, Hui Jing, Yang Chen, Shuiping Gao, Jinghao Zhang, Xubo Cao, Ke Li, Yuanyuan Liu, Meng Meng, Yanmin Wu, and Jian Zhang declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.

: The study was conducted in accordance with the International Council for Harmonisation guidelines on Good Clinical Practice and all applicable regulatory requirements, including the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol, and any amendments, was approved by a central or independent institutional review board/ethics committee at all the participating sites. Each patient provided written, informed consent prior to enrollment in the study.

: All participants gave written informed consent prior to participation.

: Not applicable.

: The data generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: Conceptualization: Jian Zhang, Yanmin Wu; formal analysis and investigation: Rujiao Liu, Hui Jing, Yang Chen, Shuiping Gao, Jinghao Zhang, Xubo Cao, Ke Li, Yuanyuan Liu, Meng Meng; writing—original draft preparation: Jian Zhang, Yanmin Wu, Qingyu Wang; writing—review and editing: Rujiao Liu, Hui Jing, Yang Chen, Shuiping Gao, Jinghao Zhang, Xubo Cao, Ke Li, Yuanyuan Liu, Meng Meng, Cong Chen, Ci Sun, Haoyu Yu, Jing Li; Resources: Haoyu Yu, Jing Li; supervision: Jian Zhang, Yanmin Wu, Qingyu Wang.