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Article History

First Online: 4 September 2020

Declarations

:

: This work was supported by Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. (Japan), the manufacturer of the fentanyl citrate patch.

: SY has received honoraria from Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc., The Nakatomi Foundation, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Corporation, Maruho Co., Ltd., Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Teikoku Seiyaku Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Astellas Pharma Inc., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Terumo Corporation, Mundipharma K.K., Taiho Phamaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Zoki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., MSD K.K., Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Covidien Japan Inc., AstraZeneca K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Baxter Limited, Japan Tobacco Inc., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., and Daiken Medical Co., Ltd.; and received donations from Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. EU has received honoraria as a medical consultant from Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. TT, KO, FH, and YT are employees of Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc.

: This study was conducted in agreement with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments, and Good Clinical Practice. The institutional review board at each participating center approved the study protocol.

: All patients gave written, informed consent to participate.

: The clinical study data are confidential.