Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 2 September 2021

First Online: 22 September 2021

Declarations

:

: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

: Atsushi Hirata, Ryosuke Ota, Takeo Hata, Takeshi Hamada, Masami Nishihara, Kazuhisa Uchiyama and Takahiro Katsumata have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.

: All procedures in this study involving human participants were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee, and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki, its later amendments and comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University (Approval ID: RIN-41, 2762) on 6 August, 2019.

: This study used anonymised information from the JMDC Claims Database; therefore, in accordance with the ethical guidelines for medical and health research involving human subjects in Japan, informed consent was not required.

: Not applicable.

: The data that support the findings of this study are available from JMDC Inc. but were used under license for the current study; therefore, restrictions apply and the data are not publicly available. For inquiries about access to the dataset used in this study, please contact JMDC ().

: Not applicable.

: Atsushi Hirata: conceptualisation, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft. Ryosuke Ota: conceptualisation, methodology, validation, writing—review and editing. Takeo Hata: conceptualisation, methodology, validation, formal analysis, writing—review and editing, supervision. Takeshi Hamada: writing—review and editing. Masami Nishihara: writing—review and editing. Kazuhisa Uchiyama: writing—review and editing. Takahiro Katsumata; writing—review and editing, project administration.