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Article History

Accepted: 3 September 2024

First Online: 27 September 2024

Declarations

:

: Dr Watt received support for the article research from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The research grant titled Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Approach to Determine Dosing on Extracorporeal Life Support (1R01HD097775) was awarded to the University of Utah. JPH received support from a Thrasher Research Fund Early Career Award.

: None.

: None.

: The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Utah (IRB # 00138310). A data transfer agreement was reviewed and approved for us by the Office of Research Ethics at the University of Waterloo (ORE # 45164).

: Participants and/or legal representatives provided written consent to participate in the study and for their anonymous data to be included in publications.

: Participants and/or legal representatives provided written consent for their anonymous data to be included in publications.

: The datasets used for model development and/or evaluation, including PBPK model files, are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: SD, KW, AH, and AE conceptualized the idea and topic of this study. With assistance from AH, SD performed PBPK modelling for anakinra that was presented throughout this manuscript. Review and input on PBPK modelling strategies was conducted by JH, AM, KW, and AE. Data collection from the ongoing prospective study was conducted by JH and AM, with oversight from KW. CI, AM, and JH assisted SD in the initial ex-vivo anakinra study, which was carried forth for PBPK model development. CR and JR provided assistance on analytical methods to quantify anakinra concentrations in plasma. KW assisted SD in the literature review used to guide baseline anakinra PBPK model development. Preparation of the final manuscript was conducted by SD, with review from all authors.