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Article History

Accepted: 13 January 2025

First Online: 5 February 2025

Declarations:

:

: This work is funded by ZonMw, The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, as part of the Goed Gebruik Geneesmiddelen program (grant no. 10140021910005).

: N.v.E. reports research funding paid to the institute from Astellas and Ipsen. D.B. reports to be co-founder of Global DDI Solutions BV. A.d.B. reports grants to the Sint Maartenskliniek for research and quality of care from Abbvie, Novartis, Lilly, Galapagos, Alfasigma, Celltrion, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Gilead. S.K. reports consulting fees from NaDeNo, paid to his employer. R.t.H. reports research funding from Amgen and consulting fees from Academic Medical Education and Samsung Bioepis, paid to his employer. J.O. and A.H. report no potential competing interests. Alwin Huitema is an Editorial Board member of Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Alwin Huitema was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and following legal approval.

: The ethical approval statement for the previously performed prospective studies have been published elsewhere.

: Informed consent was acquired from each individual participant incorporated in the study.

: Model codes are available at the Online Resource.

: J.O., A.H., and R.t.H. conceptualized and designed the study; all authors contributed to the data collection; J.O. and R.t.H. performed the analyses; J.O., N.v.E., D.B., S.K., A.H., and R.t.H. interpreted the results; and J.O. wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript and approved the final version.