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Article History

Accepted: 3 August 2025

First Online: 29 August 2025

Declarations

:

: No external funding was used in the preparation of this manuscript.

: Mohamed Ismail Hassan, Nabila Ibrahim Laz, Yasmin M. Madney, Mohamed E.A. Abdelrahim, and Hadeer S. Harb declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.

: Mohamed Ismail Hassan (M.I.H.): conception, research, and writing; N.I.L.: conception, planning of study design, and copy editing; Y.M.M.: data entry, statistical analysis, and reviewing of results; M.E.A.A.: conception, planning of study design, and copy editing; H.S.H.: conception, planning of study design, and copy editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

: The study was conducted at the Chest Department at the Beni-Suef University Hospital after the study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University (FMBSUREC/07042024/Hassan). It was also approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University (REC-H-PhBSU-22018) and adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: Each patient provided consent before participating in the study.

: Not applicable.