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Article History

Received: 28 May 2025

Accepted: 25 August 2025

First Online: 15 September 2025

Declarations

:

: E.J.E. is supported by an educational grant from Pfizer. TAM received speaker honoraria from Bayer, Novo Nordisk, and Böhringer Ingelheim and has served on advisory boards for Böhringer Ingelheim, Bayer, and Novo Nordisk outside the submitted work. He has also received a research grant from Astra Zeneca, Bayer, and Pfizer and operational grants from the Kidney Foundation of Canada, the Heart & Stroke foundation of Canada, and the Canadian Institute of Health Research. He is receiving salary support from the Fonds de Recherche Quebec Santé (Clinician Scholar Award) and is supported by a KRESCENT New Investigator Award. R.S.S. has received honoraria from Otsuka and Novo-Nordisk and carries out a leadership role in the Canadian Society of Nephrology, the Kidney Foundation of Canada, and at McGill University. A.M. is an editorial board member of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: Both the studies included in the analysis were approved by McGill University Health Center Research Ethics Board (2022-8410) and Health Canada.

: Informed consent was obtained from each patient before enrollment into the study. These studies were conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines and Declaration of Helsinki.

: Data will be made available on reasonable request to the corresponding author.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Conceptualization: A.M., T.A.M., and R.S.S.; data curation: E.J.E. and A.G.; formal analysis: A.M.; visualization: A.M.; supervision, project administration, and validation: A.M. and T.A.M.; writing—original draft: E.J.E.; and review and editing: E.J.E., T.A.M., A.G., R.S.S., and A.M.