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Article History

Received: 14 July 2025

Accepted: 4 December 2025

First Online: 21 January 2026

Declarations

:

: All authors (A.R.N., S.S., A.N.H., P.S., L.A., J.W.A., F.G., and R.R.) declare no conflicts of interest. JWA is an Editorial Board member of Clinical Pharmacokinetics but was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: All data supporting the findings of this study, including supplementary materials, are provided within this published article and its supplementary information files.

: Not applicable.

: ARN, FG, and JWA conceptualized the study and developed the protocol. ANH, LA, PS, and RR reviewed the protocol. ARN and SS were the main reviewers, with FG acting as an additional reviewer in cases of disagreement. ARN, ANH, FG, JWA, and RR designed and approved the quality assessment checklist for included studies. ARN analyzed the data and created tables and figures under the supervision of ANH, FG, JWA, and RR. ARN wrote the initial draft of the manuscript under the supervision of FG. ANH, FG, LA, PS, JWA, and RR contributed to revising the drafted manuscript. All authors provided critical input to manuscript drafts and approved the final version of the manuscript before submission for publication.