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Article History

Received: 3 December 2025

Accepted: 19 March 2026

First Online: 26 May 2026

Declarations

:

: Denise Beck, Doerthe Eckert, Mong-Jen Chen, Nael Mostafa, Sven Mensing, and Wei Liu are employees of AbbVie and may hold AbbVie stock, stock options, and/or patents. Neha Thakre, Ahmed Saeed, and Hoi Kei Lon are former employees of AbbVie Inc. and may hold stock, stock options, and/or patents in the company.

: All procedures performed in these studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: All participants provided written consent prior to participation or study-related procedures.

: All individual participants signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.

: AbbVie is committed to responsible data sharing regarding the clinical trials we sponsor. This includes access to anonymized, individual, and trial-level data (analysis data sets), as well as other information (e.g., protocols, clinical study reports, or analysis plans), as long as the trials are not part of an ongoing or planned regulatory submission. This includes requests for clinical trial data for unlicensed products and indications. These clinical trial data can be requested by any qualified researchers who engage in rigorous, independent, scientific research, and will be provided following review and approval of a research proposal, Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP), and execution of a Data Sharing Agreement (DSA). Data requests can be submitted at any time after approval in the US and Europe and after acceptance of this article for publication. The data will be accessible for 12 months, with possible extensions considered. For more information on the process or on submitting a request, visit the following link: , then select “Home.”

: Not applicable.

: All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Neha Thakre, Denise Beck, Ahmed M. Saeed, Doerthe Eckert, Hoi Kei Lon, and Sven Mensing. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Neha Thakre and Denise Beck, and all authors were involved in revising it critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript for publication.