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Authors
Caratozzolo, Domenico
Muscato, Giuseppe
Rizzo, Pierpaolo
Gangemi, Cristina
Scionti, Adriana
Mancuso, Salvo
Vancheri, Carlo
Spicuzza, Lucia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-8357
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università degli Studi di Catania
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Article History
Received: 3 August 2025
Accepted: 27 November 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
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: Domenico Caratozzolo, Giuseppe Muscato, Pierpaolo Rizzo, Cristina Gangemi, Adriana Scionti, Salvo Mancuso, Carlo Vancheri, and Lucia Spicuzza have have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.
: This study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments, with the exception that this study was retrospectively registered. The ethics approval number is 212-21-12-2023. This study was retrospectively registered at DRKS-Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (German Clinical Trials Register) number DRKS00038339.
: Informed signed consent to participate in the study was obtained for each participant.
: Consent to publish data was obtained for each participant.
: Data and details on each patient included in the study will be provided upon request.
: Not applicable.
: DC and LS designed the study. DC, GM, SM, PR, and AS collected the data. DC, LS and GM analyzed the data. DC drafted the manuscript. CV and LS revised it critically. All authors were involved in revising the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final submitted manuscript and agree to be accountable for the work.
