Anderson, Alison https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1490-2262
Chang, Richard Shek-kwan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9346-3877
Howard, Mark
Chen, Zhibin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1888-6917
Nhu, Duong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9021-9716
Ge, Zongyuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-8673
Kwan, Patrick https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7310-276X
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Health and Medical Research Council (GNT2010382)
National Health and Medical Research Council (GNT2025849)
Monash University
Article History
Received: 21 September 2025
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 16 May 2026
Declarations
:
: This work is partially supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Ideas Grant (GNT2010382). P. Kwan is supported by a NHMRC Investigator Grant (GNT2025849).
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Z. Chen has received research support from UCB Pharma. Z. Ge and his lab have received research support or consultancy fees from Optain Health, Eyetelligence, and NVIDIA AI Tech Centre. P. Kwan/his institution has received research support or consultancy fees from Angelini, Eisai, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, LivaNova, SK Life Science, and UCB Pharma. P. Kwan is an Editorial Board member of CNS Drugs . PK was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
: All authors contributed to the conception and design of the review. AA and RC performed the literature search and drafted the initial manuscript, DN and ZG provided technical review and editing, MH provided ethical considerations, ZC and PK assisted with clinical review and revision of the manuscript. PK provided supervision and obtained funding. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.