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Article History

Received: 9 January 2026

Accepted: 20 April 2026

First Online: 21 May 2026

Declarations

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: SC has declared reimbursement for travel and accommodation expenses from the Association for Child and Adolescent Central Health (ACAMH) in relation to lectures delivered for ACAMH, the Canadian AADHD Alliance Resource, the British Association of Psychopharmacology, Healthcare Convention and CCM Group team for educational activity on ADHD and has received honoraria from Medice. SC is an Editorial Board member of CNS Drugs. SC was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. The other authors declared no competing interests.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: All authors contributed to the study conception, design, literature search, data collection, and analysis. The first draft of the manuscript was written by GFV, and all authors commented on the various versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.