Morgan, Hannah J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8717-908X
Bloomfield, Lauren https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5890-4254
Clothier, Hazel J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7594-0361
Ngeh, Sera https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-7846
Cadby, Gemma https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-6531
Carcione, Dale https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3655-7587
Boyd, James H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-8811
Kattan, Gonzalo Sepulveda https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4960-326X
Buttery, Jim P. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9905-2035
Effler, Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-4201
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Health, State Government of Victoria
Department of Health, Government of Western Australia
University of Melbourne
Article History
Received: 24 October 2024
Accepted: 1 September 2025
First Online: 1 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Hannah J. Morgan, Lauren Bloomfield, Hazel J. Clothier, Sera Ngeh, Gemma Cadby, Dale Carcione, James H. Boyd, Gonzalo Sepulveda Kattan, Jim P. Buttery and Paul Effler have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this study.
: All work conducted in Vaccine Safety Health Link is overseen by The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne Ethics Committee (HREC 79964). All vaccine safety work conducted using the Western Australia Vaccination Linked Data Repository is conducted with approval from the relevant Data Custodians for the purposes of public health surveillance.
: The Vaccine Safety Health Link platform uses whole-of-population routinely collected and de-identified data. Therefore, a waiver of consent was sought and approved for the Vaccine Safety Health Link project in line with Australia’s National Statement section 2.3.10.
: Not applicable.
: All data used in this study are sensitive and are not available for distribution.
: The R code is available upon request.
: All authors have contributed to the development of this article. All authors have read and approved the final version, and take responsibility for its contents. Concept and design: all authors. Statistical analysis: HM, LB, GK, GC. Drafting of the manuscript: HM, LB. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: all authors. Administrative, technical or material support: HM, LB. Supervision: JPB, JHB, HJC.