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Article History

Received: 26 May 2025

Accepted: 13 November 2025

First Online: 11 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors Rana Jajou, Erik Mulder and Agnes Kant have no conflicts of interest. Karik Hek received funding from Pfizer for research (starting per 01 December 2024) not related to this study. Jetty Overbeek is an employee of the PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research. This independent research institute performs financially supported studies for government and related health care authorities and several pharmaceutical companies. Florence van Hunsel and Eugène van Puijenbroek are Editorial Board members of Drug Safety . These authors were not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: All data were anonymized before it was received for data-analyses. For observational studies containing no directly identifiable data, it is not obligated to obtain approval by a medical ethics committee (Dutch Civil Law, Article 7: 458). The study was approved according to the governance code of Nivel-PCD (nr. NZR-00322.008) and by the institutional review board of STIZON, Utrecht, the Netherlands (nr. CC2022-13).

: For observational studies containing no directly identifiable data, it is not obligated to obtain informed consent from patients (Dutch Civil Law, Article 7: 458).

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Data for this study are not publicly available in order to protect patient privacy . Inquiries about the data used can be sent to the corresponding author.

: R codes cannot be made available due to the data protection policy for this study.

: All authors (RJ, EP, JO, KH, EM, FH and AK) contributed to the design of the study; RJ and EM performed the data-analysis. All authors contributed to the interpretation of data for the work; FH and RJ drafted the work; All authors contributed to reviewing it critically for important intellectual content; All authors read and approved the final version; All authors are in agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.