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Authors
Kara, Vijay
Van Hunsel, Florence
Younus, Manal
Hauben, Manfred
Bate, Andrew
van Puijenbroek, Eugène
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Article History
Received: 14 March 2026
Accepted: 3 June 2026
First Online: 14 August 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interests: VK and AB are employed by GSK also hold shares/stocks/stock options in the company. MH is an employee of Merck KGaA and holds stock/stock options in Merck KGaA and other pharmaceutical companies. MY has no conflicts of interest. AB, FVH, MY and EVP are Editorial Board members of Drug Safety . None were involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor in any of the subsequent editorial decisions.
Code availability: Not applicable.
Author contributions: VK, FVH, AB and EVP were involved in the conception and design of the study. VK and FVH participated in thematic analysis. VK, FVH, AB and EVP authors were involved in the analysis or interpretation of the data. All authors reviewed and commented on drafts of the manuscript for intellectual content and gave final approval to submit for publication. All authors attest they meet the ICMJE criteria for authorship. All authors read and approved the final version.
Data availability: Supporting materials used in the study are available as Supplementary Material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
Ethics approval: This study was being conducted as part of a PhD programme via the University of Groningen. If a study in the Netherlands is subject to the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO), it must undergo a review by an accredited Medical Research Ethics Committee or the Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects (CCMO). This study does not fall under the WMO. In addition, the UK Research and Innovation Medical Research Council questionnaire was completed and it was determined that ethics approval was not required.
Consent to participate: Consent was obtained prior to participation within the study.
Consent to publish: Participants were provided the opportunity to review the manuscript prior to submission. No further approval or consent was needed for this study.
