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Article History

Received: 2 February 2026

Accepted: 3 June 2026

First Online: 2 July 2026

Declarations

:

: Nicole Pratt is on the Editorial Board for Drug Safety . Nicole Pratt was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor in any of the subsequent editorial decisions. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: We used publicly and freely available dispensing data available at

: Code to conduct this study in SAS is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

: Ethics approval was not required for this study as we utilised publicly available, deidentified aggregated data.

: Jack Janetzki was responsible for study conceptualisation, and funding acquisition and contributed to the methodology and writing (review and editing). Lisa Kalish-Ellett and Nicole Pratt contributed to the methodology and writing (review and editing). Anna Kemp-Casey contributed to the methodology, undertook data curation, conducted formal analysis, and writing (original draft). All authors read and approved the final version.