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Article History

First Online: 20 August 2019

Compliance with ethical standards

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: Dr. Fabris and Merlo have nothing to disclose. Dr. Rapezzi reports grants from Pfizer and personal fees from Pfizer, Novartis, Alnylam, Sanofi, outside the submitted work. Dr. Ferrari reports grants and personal fees from Servier International and Novartis, personal fees from Merck Serono, Bayer, Boeheringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. Dr. Metra reports personal fees from consulting honoraria as advisory board or executive committee member or chairman from Bayer, Fresenius, Novartis and Servier, outside the submitted work; Dr. Frigerio reports personal fees from Novartis during the conduct of the study; grant from Abbott, grants from Medtronic, grants from Orion, outside the submitted work. Dr. Sinagra reports personal fees from Novartis, Vifor pharma, Boston, Bayer, AstraZeneca and Dompè, outside the submitted work.