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Article History

Accepted: 23 May 2025

First Online: 13 August 2025

Change Date: 10 September 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original article has been update to update the supplement file.

Declarations

:

: Medical writing support, provided by Oxford PharmaGenesis, Oxford, UK, was funded by Novo Nordisk.

: AP-T performs research and serves as an adviser on behalf of their employer for Abbvie, Corcept, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Genentech, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Regeneron, and Roche; there has been no direct or indirect transfer of funds. JA has acted as consultant, advisory board member, and speaker for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and Novo Nordisk. HB reports trial fees paid to his institution by Novo Nordisk during ONWARDS 3 and ONWARDS 5; he also reports trial fees paid to his institution by Amgen, Anji, AstraZeneca, Biomea, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Ionis, Kowa, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Pfizer, outside the submitted work. IL has received research funding (paid to the institution they are affiliated with) from Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, Mylan, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, and Sanofi, and has received advisory/consulting fees and/or other support from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Carmot Therapeutics, Eli Lilly, GI Dynamics, Intarcia Therapeutics, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson, MannKind, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi, Shionogi, Structure Therapeutics, Target Pharma, Valeritas, and Zealand Pharma. YM has received speaking fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, and honoraria and personal fees from Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi outside of the submitted work. SS has served as an advisory board member/has carried out speaker activities for Abbott Diabetes Care, AstraZeneca, Cipla, Medtronics, Novo Nordisk, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, and Torrent Pharmaceuticals. AV has received fees for activities as an advisory board member for Abbott Diabetes Care, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, and Novo Nordisk; has carried out speaker activities for Abbott Diabetes Care, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, and Roche; and has received research grants from, Eli Lilly, Sanofi, and Novo Nordisk. HW has received research support from Kowa Company, Ltd, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., SBI Pharma CO., Ltd., and Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.; and has acted as a speaker for Abbott Japan LLC, Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., Roche DC Japan, MSD K.K., Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., and Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. SDP served as president of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)/European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD) from 2020 to 2022; is currently President of Fondazione Menarini; has served as an advisor for Abbott, Amarin Corporation, Amplitude, Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Biomea Fusion, Eli Lilly & Co., EvaPharma, Menarini International, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Sun Pharmaceuticals; and has received fees for speaking from AstraZeneca, Berlin-Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Laboratori Guidotti, Menarini International, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: All authors contributed equally to the conception, drafting, and revision of the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.