Document is current

Article History

Received: 19 June 2025

Accepted: 13 August 2025

First Online: 5 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This work was supported by Viatris. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. J-YR’s participation in this work was supported by the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program (DSFP) of the King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

: CBe has received personal speaker fees from Nutricia outside the submitted work. J-YR has received consulting and speakers’ fees from Viatris. OB has received consulting or lecture fees from Amgen, Aptissen, Biophytis, IBSA, Mylan, Novartis, Orifarm, Sanofi, UCB, and Viatris outside the submitted work. CBr has no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: OB, CBe, and J-YR initiated the research question. OB, CBe, and J-YR were the main investigators. CB and OB drafted the protocol. CBe ran the search strategies and identified potential references to be included in the project. OB, CBe, and CBr screened and selected relevant references. CBr extracted the data, and OB and CBe double checked the data extraction. OB, CBe, and CBr performed the risk-of-bias assessment. The results were interpreted by all authors. OB and CBe wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

: All materials related to this work are freely available on the Open Science Framework deposit ().

: Not applicable.