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Article History

Received: 14 February 2026

Accepted: 22 April 2026

First Online: 19 May 2026

Declarations

:

: Aaron C. Tan—Consulting or Advisor Role: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Pfizer; all outside the submitted work. Eunice L.Y. Lau, Noor Rashidha Binte Meera Sahib and Carina Ysha P. Cangco declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: No datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

: Not applicable.

: All authors were involved in the initial conception of the review. All authors searched and screened all relevant literature. Eunice L.Y. Lau led and consolidated the writing of the manuscript and created Figs. and . Aaron C. Tan created Fig. and Noor Rashidha Binte Meera Sahib created Fig. . All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.