Document is current

Article History

Received: 3 October 2025

Accepted: 20 April 2026

First Online: 13 May 2026

Declarations

:

: Dr. Findling receives or has received research support, acted as a consultant and/or has received honoraria from Abbvie, Ajna, Akili, Aluco, American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, American Psychiatric Press, Bioprojet, BioXcel, Bristol Myers Squibb, Corium, Elsevier, Intra-Cellular Therapies, Iqvia, Karuna, Lundbeck, Maplight, Merck, MJH Life Sciences, NIH, Novartis, Otsuka, Oxford University Press, PaxMedica, PCORI, Pfizer, Radius, Sage, Signant Health, Sumitomo Pharma, Sunovion, Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Takeda, Tris, Viatris and Xenon. Dr. Stepanova received research support from PaxMedica and honoraria from American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and American Psychiatric Press. Dr. Shah, Prajapati, and Cordrey and Mr. Nichols do not have conflicts of interest to report.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Dr. Findling: conceptualization, supervision, and writing—review and editing; Dr. Shah, Prajapati, Cordrey and Mr. Nichols: writing—review and editing and literature review; Dr. Stepanova: conceptualization, supervision, writing—literature review, editing, and writing. All authors contributed to interpretation of the literature, revised the manuscript for content, and approved the final version for submission. All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.