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Article History

Accepted: 11 December 2024

First Online: 5 January 2025

Declarations

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: This work was supported by research grants from the Keio University Medical Science Fund (Keio University Research Grants for Medicine and the Life Science), and JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 21K16292 and 24K19250 to M.A.

: M.A. has received speaking fees from AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Taisho, UCB, and Gilead Sciences. T.T. has received speaking fees and/or honoraria from AstraZeneca, Astellas Pharma, AbbVie, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, Gilead Sciences, Mitsubishi-Tanabe Pharma, Taisho Pharmaceutical Holding, Pfizer Japan, and Janssen Pharmaceutical, and has received consulting fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Mitsubishi-Tanabe Pharma, Taisho Pharmaceutical Holding, and Eli Lilly Japan. Y.K. has received research grants from AbbVie, Eisai, Sanofi, Chugai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Taisho, and has received scholarship grants from Asahi-Kasei, Eisai, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Taisho, and has received speaking fees from AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Corporation, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Glaxo Smith Kline, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, and Gilead Sciences. W.A. and K.S. declare no conflict of interest.

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: M.A. wrote the manuscript. M.A. and W.A. made the figures. M.A., W.A., K.S., T.T., and Y.K. read and approved the final version of the manuscript.