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Article History

Accepted: 27 May 2025

First Online: 10 June 2025

Declarations

:

: P.S.: nothing to declare; T.F.: consultancies including data monitoring committees for Actimed, Apellis, Aslan, Bayer, BiosenseWebster, BMS, CSL Behring, Daiichi Sankyo, Enanta, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos, IQVIA, Immunic, KyowaKirin, LivaNova, Minoryx, Novartis, PINK gegen Brustkrebs, PPD, RECARDIO, Recordati, Relaxera, Roche, Servier, Viatris, VICO Therapeutics, and Vifor; T.G.: nothing to declare; P.T.: nothing to declare; T.M.: nothing to declare.

: The data underlying this article cannot be shared publicly owing to the high confidentiality of health data. Personal secure remote access to the data was provided by BARMER health insurance after permission. Permission to view the data might be granted on reasonable request to the authors and BARMER. The code for SAS (data processing) and R (analysis) can be obtained on request from the authors.

: Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Commission of the University Medical Center Göttingen (23/723), although not required.