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Article History

Received: 21 April 2025

Accepted: 5 October 2025

First Online: 1 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The author(s) received no specific funding or grant for this work. The Portuguese National Association of Pharmacies (ANF) promoted this research. The C-SENIoR project won, in 2023, the Intervention Award of the Innovation Grant (BInov) from the Southern Regional Section and Autonomous Regions of the Portuguese Pharmaceutical Society.

: Sónia Romano, António Teixeira Rodrigues, Isabel Guerreiro and José Guerreiro are researchers at CEFAR/Infosaúde, the research centre of the ANF, which has interests in collaborative public health interventions and supported the research. Luis Monteiro is a GP and a researcher with an interest in older adults’ studies. João Braga Simões is a researcher and was a GP in one of the interventions FHUs. Nuno Lunet and Julian Perelman are academics. The involvement of academic independent researchers, who do not receive any fees for collaboration, ensures that these interests do not influence the analysis and interpretations of the study results. The trial results included in this manuscript are the exclusive responsibility of the research team.

: The data generated and/or analysed in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

: This study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee of Nova Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon and the Ethics Committee of the Local Health Unit Alto Minho, Portugal. The study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments, with the exception that this trial was retrospectively registered at ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN49637686). This occurred owing to multiple postponements of the study start date and site relocation. Registration was completed shortly after recruitment commenced.

: Written informed consent was obtained prior to enrolment from all participants.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Sónia Romano: conceptualisation, formal analysis, methodology, investigation, supervision, project administration, writing—original draft. António Teixeira Rodrigues: conceptualisation, methodology, resources, writing—review and editing. José Guerreiro: formal analysis, methodology, writing—review and editing. João Braga Simões: investigation, supervision, writing—review and editing .Isabel Guerreiro: resources, investigation, writing—review and editing.Luis Monteiro: conceptualisation, methodology, writing—review and editing. Nuno Lunet: formal analysis, methodology, writing—review and editing. Julian Perelman: conceptualisation, methodology, investigation, writing—review and editing.