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Article History

Received: 15 September 2025

Accepted: 21 February 2026

First Online: 19 March 2026

Declarations

:

: GB: conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft preparation, writing—reviewing and editing, and supervision; TE: writing—original draft preparation and writing—reviewing and editing; Savas Ozturk: writing—original draft preparation and writing—reviewing and editing; OSS: writing—reviewing and editing; Serdar Ozkok: writing—reviewing and editing; DGY: writing—reviewing and editing; MAK: writing—reviewing and editing and supervision; JYR: writing—reviewing and editing.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript. Gülistan Bahat and Jean-Yves Reginster are Editorial Board members of Drugs & Aging . Gülistan Bahat and Jean-Yves Reginster were not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript or any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: Not applicable (this manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form).

: Not applicable (this is a review article based on previously published data and does not involve new studies on human participants or animals).

: Not applicable (this manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form).

: Not applicable (data sources are cited within the text and reference list).