Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 21 May 2021

First Online: 8 June 2021

Declarations

:

: Dr. Leonard is partly supported by grants from the United States National Institutes of Health (R01AG060975) and the American Diabetes Association (1-18-ICTS-097). Dr. Baker is supported by a Veterans Affairs Clinical Science Research and Development VA Merit Award (I01 CX001703).

: Criswell Lavery, Marianna Olave, Vincent Lo Re, and Judy A. Shea declare they have no conflicts of interest. Charles Leonard reports grants from the FDA, during the conduct of this study; grants from the National Institutes of Health and the American Diabetes Association; personal fees from the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Research Institute and the University of Florida College of Pharmacy; other fees from Sanofi and Pfizer; and nonfinancial support from John Wiley & Sons, outside the submitted work. Jonathan Kay reports personal fees from AbbVie Inc., Alvotech Swiss AG, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Celltrion, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Mylan Pharma GmbH, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp., Samsung Bioepis Co., Ltd, Sandoz, Inc., and Roche Pharmaceuticals, as well as grants and personal fees from Pfizer, Inc. and UCB, Inc., outside the submitted work. Joshua Baker reports personal fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb and Gilead, outside the submitted work.

: All data and materials can be requested from the corresponding author upon request (bakerjo@uphs.upenn.edu).

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by CL, MO, and JFB.