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Article History

Accepted: 23 July 2024

First Online: 5 September 2024

Declarations

:

: This study did not receive any funding.

: The authors declare no conflicts of interest that could be perceived as influencing the research or the interpretation of the findings.

: Ethics approval was not applicable for this study as it involved the analysis of publicly available published documents and did not involve direct contact with human participants or the use of identifiable data.

: Consent to participate and consent for publication was not applicable for this study as it involved the analysis of publicly available published documents and did not involve direct contact with any participants.

: Not applicable.

: The data analysed in this study are derived from publicly available published documents, which are included in the results section. Supplementary information is also provided in the appendix.

: Nasir Abbas: conceived and designed the study, performed data analysis and wrote the manuscript. Farideh Javid: provided statistical expertise, edited and critically reviewed the manuscript. Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar: provided substantial input in the study conception, contributed to data interpretation and critically revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version.