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Article History

Accepted: 16 March 2025

First Online: 25 April 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was funded by Hexal AG, a Sandoz company.

: Diamant Thaçi declares having attended advisory boards and/or received consultancy fees and/or received grants as an investigator from AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, LEO Pharma, New Bridge, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Samsung, Sandoz, Sanofi, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, and UCB Pharma. Sascha Gerdes has been an advisor and/or received speakers’ honoraria and/or received grants and/or participated in clinical trials for the following companies: AbbVie, Affibody AB, Akari Therapeutics Plc, Almirall-Hermal, Amgen, Anaptys Bio, Argenx BV, AstraZeneca AB, Biogen Idec, Bioskin, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Foamix, Forward Pharma, Galderma, Hexal AG, Incyte Inc., Janssen-Cilag, Johnson & Johnson, Klinge Pharma, Kymab, Leo Pharma, Medac, MSD, Neubourg Skin Care GmbH, Novartis, Pfizer, Principia Biopharma, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, Sanofi-Aventis, Trevi Therapeutics, and UCB Pharma. Hendrik Schulze-Koops receives honoraria for lectures and consultations from AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Biogen International, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Celltrion, Gilead, GSK, Hexal Sandoz, Hospira, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, Medac, Merck, MSD, Mundipharma, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, and UCB Pharma. Yannick Allanore reports personal fees from Sandoz, and grants and personal fees from Pfizer and Roche, during the conduct of the study. Arthur Kavanaugh has received honoraria for lectures and consultations from AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB Pharma. Charlotte Both is a former employee of Sandoz. Sreekanth Gattu is an employee of Sandoz. Sohaib Hachaichi is a former employee of Sandoz. Marco Matucci-Cerinic has received fees for participation in review activities such as data monitoring boards, etc. from Biogen and speaker bureau fees from Boehringer.

: The two studies (EGALITY and EQUIRA) were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles derived from the Declaration of Helsinki and International Conference on Harmonization Good Clinical Practices and in compliance with local regulatory requirements. The study protocols were approved by the Independent Ethics Committee or Institutional Review Board for each center. The details of the Independent Ethics Committees and Institutional Review Boards for both studies are provided in the Supplementary information (ESM).

: All patients provided written informed consent before entering the study.

: All patients provided their consent for their data to be published.

: All data generated or analyzed in relation to PROs are included in this article and the supplementary information files. Anonymized datasets and related documents, such as the statistical analysis plan, protocol, and amendments, can be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author through a data sharing agreement.

: Not applicable.

: Diamant Thaçi contributed to the design and conduct of the clinical studies, and the analysis and interpretation of the results, discussed the results, and contributed to the manuscript; Sascha Gerdes contributed to the conduct of the clinical studies, discussed the results, and contributed to the manuscript; Hendrik Schulze-Koops contributed to the conduct of the clinical studies, and the analysis and interpretation of the results, discussed the results, and contributed to the manuscript; Yannick Allanore, Arthur Kavanaugh, Charlotte Both, Sreekanth Gattu, Sohaib Hachaichi, and Marco Matucci-Cerinic contributed to the interpretation of the results, discussed the results, and contributed to the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.