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Article History

Received: 27 June 2025

Accepted: 4 September 2025

First Online: 5 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was funded by a project from the Eastern Theater General Hospital, which provided the research drugs, administrative support, and research funding for the participating centers. The study design was led by Zhizhou Yang, who also assisted with data analysis and manuscript writing. All other authors participated as researchers in the clinical trial and assisted in manuscript preparation and review. The authors declare no other conflicts of interest.

: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Due to the nature of clinical patient data, restrictions apply to the availability of these data.

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of our institution, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University (Approval No. 2023DZKY-035).

: Written informed consent was obtained from all patients and their family members.

: All authors consent to publication.

: Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, subject to restrictions due to patient confidentiality.

: Not applicable.

: Yang Ao: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, Writing – original draft. Liu Rui: Investigation, Data collection, Formal analysis. Lv Kongbo: Resources, Validation, Supervision. Han Mengfei: Visualization, Statistical analysis, Writing – review & editing. Yang Zhizhou (Corresponding author): Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.