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Article History

Received: 24 August 2025

Accepted: 3 November 2025

First Online: 15 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This observational study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects. The clinical study protocol and the informed consent form, as well as their amendments, had been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital before implementation. This study was registered in the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) Clinical Trial Registry, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), China, with the registration number CTR20233783, on November 23, 2023. Clinical Trial registration identifier: NCT05789342.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all enrolled patients.

: The study patients were informed that a compilation of data would be published in a medical journal.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.

: Fan Yang, Chao-Zhuang Shen: Data analysis, manuscript writing; Pan-Pan Ye, Wen-Shuo Lv: Clinical sample processing; Li-Ze Li, Jie Shao, Lei Diao: Study design; Wei Zhao, Xiao-Ran Yang, Yi Zheng, Bo-Wen Ke: Project administration.

: The authors confirm that the Principal Investigator for this paper is Wei Zhao and that he had direct clinical responsibility for patients.

: Not applicable.