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Authors
Ghanima, Waleed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2225-6165
Cooper, Nichola
Bozzi, Sylvie
Daak, Ahmed
Gouia, Imene
Cordoba, Matias
Barrio, Javier
Kostikas, Michael
Cooper, Owen
Liebman, Howard
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sanofi
University of Oslo
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Article History
Accepted: 20 July 2025
First Online: 16 August 2025
Declarations
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: Waleed Ghanima has received fees for participation on advisory boards from Amgen, Novartis, Pfizer, Principia Biopharma Inc—a Sanofi Company, Sanofi, SOBI, Grifols, UCB, Argenx, Cellphire, Alpine, Kedrion, HiBio, Hutchmed, and Takeda; lecture honoraria from Amgen, Novartis, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, SOBI, Grifols, Sanofi, and Bayer; and research grants from Bayer, BMS/Pfizer, UCB, and Sanofi. Nichola Cooper has received research support from Novartis and Rigel and honoraria for participation on advisory boards or speaking at educational events from Sanofi, Novartis, Sobi, Griffols, Rigel, and Argenx. Sylvie Bozzi, Ahmed Daak, Imene Gouia, and Matias Cordoba are employees of Sanofi and may own stock and/or stock options in Sanofi. Javier Barrio, Michael Kostikas, and Owen Cooper are employees of IQVIA. Howard Liebman has received consultation fees from Amgen, Novartis, Sanofi, and Sobi and clinical trial research support through the USC Norris Cancer Center, Abcuro, Janssen, and Sanofi.
: Open access funding provided by University of Oslo (incl Oslo University Hospital). This study was funded by Sanofi.
: The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice and applicable regulatory requirements. The study protocol, interview guide, and patient communication templates were approved by a WIRB-Copernicus Group institutional review board, and all patients provided written informed consent to participate.
: All the included patients provided written informed consent to participate.
: Not applicable.
: Further data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
: Not applicable.
: WG, NC, SB, AD, IG, MC, and HL designed/conceived of this study. JB, MK, and OC performed the research. JB, MK, and OC coordinated the data collection. WG, NC, SB, AD, IG, MC, HL, JB, MK, and OC analyzed and interpreted the data. All authors critically reviewed the draft and approved the final version for publication.
