Har, Chee Ern https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4038-8554
Gao, Qi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0321-3293
Chen, Wenjia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8201-7145
Funding for this research was provided by:
Singapore Cancer Society (SCS-GRA-2024-00282)
Ministry of Education Singapore (24-0089-A0001)
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (SSHSPH-NCCS Joint Programme in Cancer, Public Health)
Article History
Received: 18 July 2025
Accepted: 8 September 2025
First Online: 2 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Wenjia Chen has received research funding from Illumina. This funding was not used to support the current study. All other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The data used in this study are available upon request from the corresponding author.
: Ethics approval was not required for this study.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: C.E.H. and Y.W. were responsible for the conceptualisation and design of the study. C.E.H. was responsible for data collection. C.E.H. and Q.G. were responsible for data analysis and for writing the original draft of the manuscript. Y.W. and W.J.C. were responsible for supervision and fund acquisition. All authors were involved in the review and revision of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.