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Article History

Accepted: 19 December 2024

First Online: 13 January 2025

Declarations

:

: This work was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health with the Current Research funds.

: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

: This study reported only a retrospective analysis of data available through the institutional database. Personal data were restricted to essential information and were treated in order to guarantee the respect of the privacy of the involved patient, as specifically stated by Italian Law D. Lgs n.196 of 2003 about personal data protection. Therefore, the study did not require preliminary evaluation by the local ethical committee. The Scientific Director of “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS approved the publication of this manuscript (request Ronci Sara-RAP-2024-0004, date of approval: 09/07/2024).

: All parents signed a written informed consent form before their children were subjected to intensive care, with the possibility of data relating to hospitalization being obtained anonymously and reproduced.

: All parents signed a written informed consent form before their children were subjected to intensive care, with the possibility of data relating to hospitalization being obtained anonymously and reproduced.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: All authors were involved in writing the manuscript: DUDR designed the study, acquired and analyzed data from literature and patients’ data, and drafted the initial manuscript; FC designed the study, acquired and analyzed data from literature and patients’ data; CM, SR, SC, IS, IB, MPR and CA collected patients’ data and revised the manuscript; IC, PM, FDB, and AI critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content; AD supervised the study and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.