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Article History

First Online: 8 May 2018

Compliance with Ethical Standards

: R. B. M. has received consultancy fees from the Respiratory Effectiveness Group and research support from the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review. M. D. W. has received research support from the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review. J. D. C. has received research support from the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review, has served as an asthma advisor to Regeneron and Sanofi Aventis, and has received travel support from the Respiratory Effectiveness Group. J. v.B. and/or his Institution has received consultancy fees from AstraZeneca, speaker fees from Menarini, research grants from AstraZeneca, GSK, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Chiesi, and travel support from the Respiratory Effectiveness Group and the European COPD Coalition.

: Please see the supplementary appendix for all final QHES scores by study (see the electronic supplementary material).