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Authors
Tomeczkowski, Jörg https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2147-1366
Heidbrede, Tanja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8093-0165
Eichinger, Birte
Osowski, Ulrike
Leverkus, Friedhelm https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-1272
Schmitter, Sarah
Dintsios, Charalabos-Markos https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3469-092X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Novartis Pharma
Bayer Vital
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Article History
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 26 July 2025
Declarations
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: An unrestricted grant was received from Novartis Pharma GmbH and Bayer Vital GmbH.
: Jörg Tomeczkowski, Tanja Heidbrede, Birte Eichinger, Ulrike Osowski, Friedhelm Leverkus, Sarah Schmitter, and Charalabos-Markos Dintsios have no competing interests relevant to this work.
: All the data included in the analysis are available in the AMNOG-Monitor database and are publicly available on the IQWiG and G-BA websites.
: This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
: Jörg Tomeczkowski, Sarah Schmitter and Charalabos-Markos Dintsios contributed to the concept and design, statistical analysis, and drafting of the manuscript. Friedhelm Leverkus, Tanja Heidbrede, Birte Eichinger, and Ulrike Osowski, drafted the manuscript.
