Karichu, James K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2052-4659
Pennington, Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1392-8700
Bao, Xiyu
Lander, Kiera
Smith, Tiffeny T. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2426-4427
Thornberg, Adam https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8359-6336
Funding for this research was provided by:
Roche Diagnostics
Article History
Received: 19 June 2025
Accepted: 19 February 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Declarations
:
: JKK and AT are employees of Roche Molecular Systems (RMS). JKK and AT hold Roche stock options. TS is an employee of Roche Diagnostics Corporation (RDC)
: The analysis used secondary data sources which are publicly available. No primary individual patient data was collected or used.
: The analysis used secondary data sources. No individual patient data was collected or used. Consequently, ethical approval for the study was not required.
: No individual patient data was collected or used, and hence consent was not required.
: The economic model is considered commercially sensitive, and we are unable to provide access to it.
: JKK and AT conceived the study. MP, JKK, AT and KL designed the study. MP, JKK, AT, TS and XB compiled the data. MP, JKK, AT, TS, KL and XB reviewed the results. MP drafted the manuscript. MP, JKK, AT, TS, KL and XB reviewed the manuscript.