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Authors
Leddy, John J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0370-1289
Haider, Mohammad N. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7190-0004
Chizuk, Haley M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2113-0536
Nazir, Muhammad S. Z. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-0900
Worts, Phillip https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5571-5404
Willer, Barry S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9586-8448
Johnson, Blair D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1731-4415
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (1R01NS094444)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001412)
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Article History
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Declarations
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: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health, award number 1R01NS094444, and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health, award number UL1TR001412 to the University at Buffalo. The content is solely the authors’ responsibility and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
: John J. Leddy, Mohammad N. Haider, Haley M. Chizuk, Muhammad S.Z. Nazir, Phillip Worts, Barry S. Willer, and Blair D. Johnson have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Data can be requested from the corresponding author at haider@buffalo.edu.
: Not applicable.
: JJL, MNH, BSW, and BDJ developed the study idea and designed the experiment. MNH, HMC, MSZN, and PW collected the data, organized it, and prepared it for analysis. MNH performed the statistical analysis. JJL and MNH drafted the first version of the manuscript. All authors played a role in interpreting the results and writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version.
