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Article History

Accepted: 17 September 2025

First Online: 7 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors confirm that no conflicts of interest exist that could be perceived to influence the objectivity of this review, including financial, professional or personal beliefs, in line with the Springer policy.

: Data supporting the results reported in this article are provided in the supplementary materials. Any other required data will be available upon request from the authors.

: Not applicable given the nature of this article being a systematic review.

: All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Kelvin YH. Chua—conceptualisation; methodology; investigation—literature search, article screening, data extraction, quality assessment, data analysis; writing—original draft preparation, review and editing. Samuel R. Leahey—conceptualisation; methodology; investigation—article screening, data extraction, quality assessment, data analysis; writing—original draft preparation, review and editing. Danny Lum—investigation—article screening, data analysis; writing—review and editing. Jack T. Fahey–Investigation—article screening; writing—review and editing. Martin Buchheit—writing—review and editing. Jason C. Laffer—writing—review and editing. Mackenzie CN. Evans —writing—review and editing. Youssef J. Wannouch–writing—review and editing. Paul Comfort—conceptualisation; methodology; writing—review and editing; supervision.