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Authors
Domínguez-Pérez, Nuria https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5534-2769
Sevilla-Arrabal, Irene https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4816-1360
Navarro-Brazález, Beatriz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9939-7946
Torres-Lacomba, María https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-3130
Courel-Ibáñez, Javier https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-1875
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Transferencia, Universidad de Granada (UCE-PP2024-02)
Universidad de Granada (P5A2024-81)
Universidad de Granada
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Article History
Accepted: 26 March 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Declarations
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: Nuria Domínguez-Pérez, Irene Sevilla-Arrabal, Beatriz Navarro Brazález, María Torres Lacomba and Javier Courel-Ibáñez have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: All data extracted and used for the analysis in this systematic review and meta-analysis are included in the supplementary material.
: The R Code is included in the supplementary material.
: JCI, BNB and MTL conceived the study and designed the protocol. NDP and ISA developed the search strategy, screened records and extracted data. JCI performed the statistical analyses and prepared the figures/tables. All authors interpreted the findings, critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content, approved the final version and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work. This work was completed as part of a doctoral thesis (NDP).
