Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 4 June 2026

First Online: 25 June 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval was granted by the Faculty of Health and Education Research Ethics and Governance Committee at Manchester Metropolitan University (No. 63076, 02/09/2024).

: All participants were provided with a Participant Information Sheet that fully explained what the study involved, how their data would be handled, the benefits and risks involved, and that participation was voluntary with the right to withdraw at any time. All participants provided written informed consent.

: Data supporting the findings of this study are available in Supplement 6 in the electronic supplementary material.

: The authors acknowledge that personal networks were used to recruit participants. No other conflicts of interest are declared.

: Patients and the public were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting, or dissemination of this study, beyond piloting the questionnaire with an individual who met the study’s inclusion criteria.

: Not applicable.

: The initial idea was conceived by CT and developed with input from GY and ND. CT, GY, and ND were responsible for the conceptualisation and methodological design. Participants were recruited by GY, CT, and NJ. Formal analysis was conducted by ND. Data interpretation was undertaken by GY, CT, and ND. GY prepared the original draft of the manuscript. All authors contributed to the review and editing of the manuscript. All authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship, have approved the final version of the manuscript, and agree to be accountable for the work.

: The R code used to for data visualisation is presented in Supplement 5.