Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 3 March 2026

First Online: 31 March 2026

Declarations

:

: KI is an employee of Daiichi Sankyo, Inc. SO is an Editorial Board member of Pharmaceutical Medicine . SO was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author (shun-ono@mol.f.u-tokyo.ac.jp) on reasonable request.

: Not applicable. This study is a retrospective analysis of publicly available, de-identified clinical trial data and does not involve the participation of human subjects. Therefore, institutional review board approval was not required.

: Not applicable. This study is a retrospective analysis of publicly available, aggregated trial-level data and did not involve direct interaction with human participants. Therefore, informed consent was not required.

: Not applicable. This article does not contain any individual person’s data or identifiable images.

: Not applicable. Standard statistical software (Stata) was used for the analyses, and no custom-made software applications or original codes were developed for this study.

: All authors contributed to this study’s concept, design, and contents. They had full access to the study’s data and took responsibility for its integrity and accuracy. KI conducted the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript. SO supervised all study processes. All authors have read and approve the final manuscript, and agree to be accountable for the work.