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Article History

First Online: 27 June 2019

Compliance with Ethical Standards

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: HC, AS, SS, RG, DMG, WJG, GG, KZ, SK, and JS are employed by, and own stock in, Bristol-Myers Squibb. In addition, HC, GG, WJG, and JS are inventors on one or more pending patent applications for TMB as a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy.

: This work was funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Medical writing support and editorial assistance were provided by Stuart Rulten, PhD, and Jay Rathi, MA, of Spark Medica Inc, funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb, according to Good Publication Practice guidelines.

: Results from the CheckMate 026 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02041533) were reported previously [CitationRef removed]. The trial was conducted in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonisation Guidelines on Good Clinical Practice and the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was provided by all patients before enrollment.